An = a₁ + d(n - 1)
a₅ = a₁ + 4d
a₃ = a₁ + 2d
a₅ - a₃ = a₁ + 4d - a₁ - 2d = 2d = -4 ⇒ d = -4/2 = -2
a₂ = a₁ + d = a₁ - 2
a₄ = a₁ + 3d = a₁ - 6
a₂*a₄ = (a₁ - 2)(a₁ - 6) = a₁² - 8a₁ + 12
a₁² - 8a₁ + 12 = -3
a₁² - 8a₁ + 15 = 0
D = 64 - 15*4 = 4
√D = √4 = 2
a₁ = 3
a₁ = 5
Ответ: d = -2, a₁ = 3 или 5.