Ответ:
On August 24, 79, one of the most catastrophic eruptions of the Vesuvius volcano took place. As a result of this natural disaster, the Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabia, located at the foot of the volcano, were completely destroyed.
That day, in the early morning, a black cloud rose above the volcano, which had long been thought to be asleep. The sky suddenly became formidable, and the ashes erupting from the volcano completely concealed the sun and the darkness came. One could not go outside without a pillow to cover one's head, for heavy stones fell on his head with the ashes. Soon a giant hot cloud of stones, ashes and smoke up to 33 km high came out of the volcano's vent. The process was accompanied by the release of thermal energy, which was many times greater than the one emitted in the explosion of the atomic bomb over Hiroshima. The power of the eruption was such that the ashes from it reached even Egypt and Syria.
The eruption of Vesuvius led to the death of three cities - Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabia and several small villages and villas. In the process of excavation it was found out that in the cities everything remained the same as it was before the eruption. The eruption of 79 years has thrown out about 3 km ³ of volcanic deposits which have fallen out by rain on Pompeii, having covered the city with a multimeter layer. Under the thickness of this ashes were found streets, houses with full furnishings, people and animals that did not have time to escape.
In Pompeii and Herculaneum, it is estimated that around 16,000 people died in Pompeii and Herculaneum due to the abundance of ash fallout and hydrothermal pyroclastic flows, which reached 700 °C.
Pliny the Younger, a Roman politician and writer, witnessed the incident and described it in his notes. And his uncle, Pliny the Elder, was among the dead. In order to better observe the terrible phenomenon of nature, he approached the ship too close to the place of the disaster and fell victim to his curiosity, poisoned by sulfuric vapors.
Studies of the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 allowed us to speculate about the impending eruption of the volcano. After the 1944 eruption, Vesuvius was in a relatively calm state. Scientists have suggested that the longer the volcano is inactive, the stronger the next eruption, which may be particularly dangerous for the densely populated area.
