Качественная реакция на нитрат анион:
1) 2NaNO3 + H2SO4 ⇒ Na2SO4 + 2HNO3
2) 4HNO3 + Cu ⇒(t) Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO↑(бурый газ) + 2H2O
<span>Запишіть елемент і електрону формулу його атома
Na
</span>1s2<span> 2s</span>2<span> 2p</span>6<span> 3s1</span>
2. а)<span> Ca(NO₃)₂ + K₂CO₃=2KNO₃ + CaCO₃↓
Ca²⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + 2K⁺ + CO₃²⁻=2K⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + CaCO₃↓
Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻= CaCO₃↓
б) Na</span><span><span>₂CO₃ + 2HCI = 2NaCI + CO₂↑+H₂O
2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2CI ⁻= 2Na⁺ + 2CI⁻ + CO₂↑+H₂O
CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ = CO₂↑+H₂O
</span>в) </span><span>LiOH + HNO₃= LiNO₃ + H₂O
Li⁺ + OH⁻ +H</span><span>⁺ + NO₃⁻ = Li⁺+</span><span>NO₃⁻ + H₂O
OH⁻ +</span><span>H⁺ = </span><span><span>H₂O </span>
3. </span>
a) H₂SO₄+<span>BaCI₂= BaSO</span><span>₄↓ + 2HCI
</span>2H⁺ + SO₄²⁻+ <span>Ba²⁺ + 2CI⁻=</span><span>BaSO₄↓ +</span><span>2H⁺ + 2CI⁻
</span><span> SO₄²⁻+ Ba²⁺ =BaSO₄↓
б) </span><span>FeCI₂+</span><span>AgNO₃ =Fe</span><span>(NO₃)₂+ AgCI↓
</span>Fe²⁺ + <span>2CI ⁻ + Ag</span><span><span><span>⁺ +</span>NO₃⁻</span> =</span><span>Fe²⁺<span>+2 NO₃⁻ +</span></span><span>AgCI↓
</span><span> 2CI ⁻ + Ag<span>⁺ =</span><span />AgCI↓
в) </span><span>Ba(OH)₂ +</span><span>Na₂CO₃ =B</span><span>aCO₃↓+2NaOH
</span>Ba²⁺ + 2OH⁻ +<span>2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻= </span><span>BaCO₃↓+</span><span>2Na⁺ + 2OH⁻
</span><span>Ba²⁺ + CO₃²⁻= BaCO₃↓+2Na⁺ + 2OH⁻
4.</span>
<span>a) H₂SO₄+BaCI₂= BaSO<span>₄↓ + 2HCI
</span>2H⁺ + SO₄²⁻+ Ba²⁺ + 2CI⁻=BaSO₄↓ +<span>2H⁺ + 2CI⁻
</span> SO₄²⁻+ Ba²⁺ =BaSO₄↓
б) HCI +</span><span>AgNO₃ = AgCI↓ +</span><span>HNO₃
H⁺ + CI ⁻+ </span><span>Ag<span>⁺ +NO₃⁻</span>=</span><span>AgCI↓ +H</span><span>⁺ +</span><span><span>NO₃⁻
</span> </span>CI ⁻+ <span>Ag⁺ =</span> AgCI↓ <span />
P4 + 5O2 = P4O10
P4O10 + 6H2O = 4H3PO4