Перепишите и подчеркните слово, не соответствующее синонимическому ряду. 1. artificial – man-made – natural – synthetic 2. to ma
Перепишите и подчеркните слово, не соответствующее синонимическому ряду.
1. artificial – man-made – natural – synthetic
2. to make - to produce - to manufacture - to replace
3. to change - to modify - to complete - to transport
4. great – huge – large - tiny
5. partial – entire – complete – whole
II. Перепишите и соотнесите следующие слова с их значениями.
1. mould a. force of pressing
2. product b. thing produced by nature or man
3. plastics
4. chemist c. man-made material
d. person who is an expert in chemistry
5. heat e. something created or designed
6. pressure f. hotness, warmness
7. gas g. the smallest unit of an element
8. liquid h. air-like substance
9. atom i. hollow form
10. invention j. substance like water
III. Образуйте словосочетания слов. Запишите и переведите их на русский язык.
global, modern, chemical, man-made, various, liquid, different, available, certain, tremendous, greatest, material warming, temperature, advantages, shades, colours, resins, plastics, state, substance, chemistry, characteristics
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II. Определите их функции в предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
Образец: 1. Every atom contains participles carrying electricity.
Participle I, определение.
Каждый атом содержит частицы, несущие электричество
While burning substances combine with oxygen.
Participle I, обстоятельство.
При горении вещества соединяются с кислородом.
Having obtained the necessary results, they stopped their experiment.
Perfect Participle, обстоятельство
Получив необходимые результаты, они прекратили эксперимент.
2. The used method is complex enough Participle II, определение
Применяемый метод – достаточно сложный.
When heated the molecules move more intensively
Participle II, обстоятельство
Нагреваясь (при нагревании) молекулы двигаются интенсивнее
1. While translating a foreign text we often use a dictionary.
2. When heated all bodies expand.
3. Being a good insulator rubber is used in cables.
4. A word spoken in time may have very important result.
5. All subjects surrounding us are composed of various substances.
6. The examination given was not complete.
7. Having passed their exams, they arranged the party.
V. Завершите следующие предложения, употребляя герундий (gerund). Переведете предложения на русский язык.
Образец: This book is worth (read). This book is worth reading. Эту книгу стоит прочитать.
1. He avoided (make) decisions.
2. He was busy (work) on the new project.
3. She is fond of (play) piano.
4. (play) tennis is fun.
5. Is (ride) a horse easy?
VI. а) Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос
What are the greatest advantages plastics may give the world?
THE WONDERLAND OF PIASTICS
1. Plastics or «synthetic resins» as they are sometimes called, are entirely the product of modern chemistry and are like no other substances found on the earth or in the sea. The discovery of plastics has at last opened the road which will lead man to victory over nature and make him independent of nature's products.
2. But what is a plastics and why are the chemists so enthusiastic over them? Synthetic plastics are man-made substances which not only change their shape when moulded under great heat and pressure, but change their chemical state as well.
3. They are light, hard and amber-like, being produced by mixing together a number of gases and liquids. Asynthetic-orman-made-product must necessarily be both better and cheaper in order to justify its manufacture at all. This is essentially true of the various plastics when compared to the material they are to replace.
4. As for plastics themselves, there are two kinds those which are affected by heat and those which are not, or cast plastics and moulded plastics. Cast plastics are manufactured as liquid resins and are then cast in the desired forms. Cast resins can be coloured before being poured. The resulting plastics can be produced in all sorts of colours, more than three hundred different shades and colours, being now available in the cast plastics.
5. Moulded plastics are usually mixed with “fillers” to strengthen the finished material and give it certain characteristics. The mixed materials are subjected to tremendous pressure and temperature until they flow and fill the mould. Since the great heat used destroys dyes, moulded plastics can be in only a few shades, usually black.
6. The greatest advantages which plastics are expected to give the world is that they will make the people no longer dependent upon nature for their materials. Chemists look upon the invention of plastics as marking the beginning of the time when they will be able to control more fully the atoms and molecules which compose all material things.
