A)
program dengoda1;
var k, n:Integer;
begin
ReadLn(k);
n:=(k mod 7);
WriteLn(n)
end.
Б)
program dengoda2;
n:=(k mod 7)+1;
if (n=7)then
n:=0;
Можно через макрос VBA Excel
Sub zapolnut()
For i = 1 To 100
Cells(i, 1) = Rnd()
Cells(i, 2) = 2 * Cells(i, 1)
Next i
End Sub